In addition to managing their business, employers also have to manage staff and their performance. Business owners and employers need to consistently address performance instead of relying on once a year reviews and discussions. Underperformance or poor performance can lead to low productivity, low morale, and conflict among workers. Poor performance is not just a reflection on the employee but it is also a reflection on management and leadership.
In this guide, we outline what constitutes poor performance, understanding potential reasons, and ways to manage poor performance.
Understanding poor performance
Poor performance is when an employee fails to meet the expectations of the job. They can be underperforming when they don't hit certain milestones or goals. Poor performance can also be related to employee behaviour and their general attitude at work.
Poor performance or underperformance often shows up as:
- Failure to do the duties of the role or meet the standard required
- Non-compliance with workplace policies, rules or procedures
- Unacceptable behaviour at work
- Disruptive or negative behaviour that affects co-workers
Underperformance doesn't just affect an individual employee, it has a ripple effect on co-workers, team morale, customers, and ultimately business productivity.
Reasons for poor performance
Nobody wants to perform poorly. There are usually reasons behind poor performance or underperformance. Some common reasons include:
- Burnout or lack of general well-being
- Workplace conflict
- Lack of motivation
- Skill gaps
- Personal problems
- Lack of clarity around job role and duties
- Lack of communication around targets and goals
- Cultural differences and misunderstandings
Understanding the root cause of poor performance can help you address it effectively.
Signs of poor performance
Business owners and employers have a lot to keep track of. It can be challenging for them to identify poor performance but some intentional observation can help separate poor performance from occasional mistakes.
Your employees are human beings so they are bound to make mistakes. It is crucial you know the difference between a mistake and consistent underperformance. Here are a few signs that can help you recognise poor performance:
- An employee failing to accomplish their KPIs/goals/milestones for a month or more at a time. Failing to hit KPIs consistently can be a red flag.
- An employee is having consistent conflict with co-workers and leadership.
- An employee is regularly submitting subpar work.
- An employee is becoming defensive and failing to implement changes.
Poor performance vs misconduct
Underperformance is not the same as serious misconduct. Serious misconduct includes deliberately unprofessional, dangerous or unlawful behaviour, such as theft, fraud, sexual harassment or assault, which may warrant instant dismissal.
Managing poor performance
Best practice for managing poor performance may look different for different employers. However, there is one common element that all businesses and employers should keep in mind. Having a clear policy around performance improvement and performance management can help reduce confusion, establish a fair process, and set clear expectations among employees.
Poor performance or underperformance is not likely to go away on its own and other employees may lose motivation if they have to constantly carry the burden of poorly performing colleagues.
The steps to manage poor performance are:
Identifying the problem- Poor performance is not the same as a mistake or an error. It needs to be a pattern of behaviour that has been observed by the employer. Before you can address underperformance, you need to write down the examples of the behaviour and the action causing the issue. Note the frequency of the occurence and details such as dates and times. Explain why it is an issue and specify the impact. Mention changes and improvements that can be done to fix the problem. Any documents or statistics such as business stats, KPIs, customer feedback should be included in this. Have copies of this entire record to give to the employee.
Assessing the problem- Once you have identified the problem, consider the severity, the duration of the poor performance, and the gap between expectations and delivery. By assessing the problem, you can prepare for potential solutions and pathways.
Getting HR support- Having an HR expert involved early in performance problems can ensure you avoid any misunderstandings and confusion. An HR partner can help you in understanding the policies, explain it the employee, and discuss next steps. HR can also help in determining the appropriate time to discuss and correct the issue. Should you consider a performance improvement plan (PIP) or a performance management plan (PMP)? Whatever the problem is, HR is an excellent support to have for business owners and employers.
Meeting with the employee- Organise a face-to-face meeting with your employee to discuss poor performance. Let the employee know about the reason for the meeting in advance so they can adequately prepare. If you will be referring to documents to back your concerns, provide copies to the employee before the meeting. Inform the employee they can bring a support person of their choice to the meeting. The support person is to be present at the meeting but not speak or advocate for the employee. The meeting should take place in a private and comfortable environment.
Being professional in the meeting- During the meeting, things may get emotional. However, you need to be professional and calm. Clearly describe the problem without getting personal or aggressive. Do not use phrases such as 'You always' or 'You never.' Explain the impact on the business, the employee's work, and co-workers. Outline the outcomes you hope to achieve from the meeting. It is essential you make the employee feel safe and listen with an open mind. Ask questions to understand the context and the circumstances.
Having a plan- Once the problem has been discussed, work together with the employee to find a solution. Employees will be more motivated to improve their performance if they have contributions in the solution. While developing a situation, ensure that:
- the employee understands clearly the changes required
- the employee contributes solutions and improvements
- the employee has been offered appropriate support and assistance such as training, mentoring, or adjustments
- there is a set date for follow-up meetings
Recording the actions in a PIP- A document that outlines what the employee needs to improve their performance is a way to avoid miscommunication. The PIP will clearly identify what needs to be improved or changed, how it will be changed and any support that is to be given. The PIP gives the employee reasonable time to improve their performance and it clearly mentions the possible consequences if the employee's performance does not improve.
Monitoring the situation- It takes more than one meeting and conversation to resolve poor performance. Employers should regularly check-in with the employee to discuss progress and any obstacles. Continue to give them feedback and encouragement. Remember to be flexible and give time to the employee to improve their performance.
Dismissing an employee for underperformance
Employers cannot dismiss their employees in circumstances that are 'harsh, unjust or unreasonable.' What is harsh, unjust or unreasonable will depend on the circumstances of the case. You must have a valid reason for the dismissal relating to the employee's capacity or conduct and follow a fair performance management and dismissal process.
Before dismissing an employee, provide the employee with written reasons why you are considering dismissal and give the employee a reasonable opportunity to respond to those reasons. A failure to follow these steps before dismissing an employee may result in an unfair dismissal claim against you.
It's important that before dismissing an employee you can show you have:
- told them the purpose of performance meetings in advance and allowed them to prepare
- told them they could have a support person present
- clearly outlined the expected level of performance and the improvement that was required
- clearly warned them that their performance needed to improve
- gave them time and support to improve their performance
- told them that they may be dismissed if their performance didn't improve
HR and WHS support for businesses
Peninsula works with small business owners and employers, supporting them in HR and WHS matters. Our advice team provides access to customised resources, documents, and advice in issues such as performance management and dismissal. Call us on 1300697028 to learn how we can help you.
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